[vulkan] Improve frame pacing (#3535)

This improves frame pacing control, fixes accumulated drift, and adds the ability to change it while the game is running.

Reviewed-on: https://git.eden-emu.dev/eden-emu/eden/pulls/3535
Co-authored-by: MaranBr <maranbr@outlook.com>
Co-committed-by: MaranBr <maranbr@outlook.com>

8 files changed, 47 insertions, 64 deletions

diff --git a/src/android/app/src/main/res/values/arrays.xml b/src/android/app/src/main/res/values/arrays.xml
index e85bc3592a..b0487302b3 100644
--- a/src/android/app/src/main/res/values/arrays.xml
+++ b/src/android/app/src/main/res/values/arrays.xml
@@ -534,8 +534,8 @@
         <item>@string/frame_pacing_mode_target_Auto</item>
         <item>@string/frame_pacing_mode_target_30</item>
         <item>@string/frame_pacing_mode_target_60</item>
+        <item>@string/frame_pacing_mode_target_90</item>
         <item>@string/frame_pacing_mode_target_120</item>
-        <item>@string/frame_pacing_mode_target_240</item>
     </string-array>
     <integer-array name="framePacingModeValues">
         <item>0</item>
diff --git a/src/android/app/src/main/res/values/strings.xml b/src/android/app/src/main/res/values/strings.xml
index b703575cc5..b553402628 100644
--- a/src/android/app/src/main/res/values/strings.xml
+++ b/src/android/app/src/main/res/values/strings.xml
@@ -1038,8 +1038,8 @@
     <string name="frame_pacing_mode_target_Auto">Auto</string>
     <string name="frame_pacing_mode_target_30">30 FPS</string>
     <string name="frame_pacing_mode_target_60">60 FPS</string>
+    <string name="frame_pacing_mode_target_90">90 FPS</string>
     <string name="frame_pacing_mode_target_120">120 FPS</string>
-    <string name="frame_pacing_mode_target_240">240 FPS</string>
 
     <!-- ASTC Decoding Method Choices -->
     <string name="accelerate_astc_cpu" translatable="false">CPU</string>
diff --git a/src/common/settings.h b/src/common/settings.h
index a7cf800142..a03c6e1a2c 100644
--- a/src/common/settings.h
+++ b/src/common/settings.h
@@ -462,9 +462,12 @@ struct Values {
     SwitchableSetting<FramePacingMode, true> frame_pacing_mode{linkage,
                                                                FramePacingMode::Target_Auto,
                                                                FramePacingMode::Target_Auto,
-                                                               FramePacingMode::Target_240,
+                                                               FramePacingMode::Target_120,
                                                                "frame_pacing_mode",
-                                                               Category::RendererAdvanced};
+                                                               Category::RendererAdvanced,
+                                                               Specialization::Default,
+                                                               true,
+                                                               true};
 
     SwitchableSetting<AstcRecompression, true> astc_recompression{linkage,
                                                                   AstcRecompression::Uncompressed,
diff --git a/src/common/settings_enums.h b/src/common/settings_enums.h
index 62bf17c51a..d4935d9b6d 100644
--- a/src/common/settings_enums.h
+++ b/src/common/settings_enums.h
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ ENUM(TimeZone, Auto, Default, Cet, Cst6Cdt, Cuba, Eet, Egypt, Eire, Est, Est5Edt
 ENUM(AnisotropyMode, Automatic, Default, X2, X4, X8, X16, X32, X64, None);
 ENUM(AstcDecodeMode, Cpu, Gpu, CpuAsynchronous);
 ENUM(AstcRecompression, Uncompressed, Bc1, Bc3);
-ENUM(FramePacingMode, Target_Auto, Target_30, Target_60, Target_120, Target_240);
+ENUM(FramePacingMode, Target_Auto, Target_30, Target_60, Target_90, Target_120);
 ENUM(VSyncMode, Immediate, Mailbox, Fifo, FifoRelaxed);
 ENUM(VramUsageMode, Conservative, Aggressive);
 ENUM(RendererBackend, OpenGL_GLSL, Vulkan, Null, OpenGL_GLASM, OpenGL_SPIRV);
diff --git a/src/qt_common/config/shared_translation.cpp b/src/qt_common/config/shared_translation.cpp
index 7d53eb609e..f4355197b0 100644
--- a/src/qt_common/config/shared_translation.cpp
+++ b/src/qt_common/config/shared_translation.cpp
@@ -517,8 +517,8 @@ std::unique_ptr<ComboboxTranslationMap> ComboboxEnumeration(QObject* parent)
                               PAIR(FramePacingMode, Target_Auto, tr("Auto")),
                               PAIR(FramePacingMode, Target_30, tr("30 FPS")),
                               PAIR(FramePacingMode, Target_60, tr("60 FPS")),
+                              PAIR(FramePacingMode, Target_90, tr("90 FPS")),
                               PAIR(FramePacingMode, Target_120, tr("120 FPS")),
-                              PAIR(FramePacingMode, Target_240, tr("240 FPS")),
                           }});
     translations->insert({Settings::EnumMetadata<Settings::VramUsageMode>::Index(),
                           {
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_scheduler.cpp b/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_scheduler.cpp
index 2a69d6d244..aafcfdf65b 100644
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_scheduler.cpp
+++ b/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_scheduler.cpp
@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ void Scheduler::EndRenderPass()
         Record([num_images = num_renderpass_images,
                        images = renderpass_images,
                        ranges = renderpass_image_ranges](vk::CommandBuffer cmdbuf) {
-            std::vector<VkImageMemoryBarrier> barriers(num_images);
+            std::array<VkImageMemoryBarrier, 9> barriers;
             VkPipelineStageFlags src_stages = 0;
             for (size_t i = 0; i < num_images; ++i) {
                 const VkImageSubresourceRange& range = ranges[i];
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_scheduler.h b/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_scheduler.h
index fb0ac9b008..2913211480 100644
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_scheduler.h
+++ b/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_scheduler.h
@@ -115,28 +115,27 @@ public:
     /// Waits for the given GPU tick, optionally pacing frames.
     void Wait(u64 tick, double target_fps = 0.0) {
         if (Settings::values.use_speed_limit.GetValue() && target_fps > 0.0) {
-            auto frame_duration = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::steady_clock::duration>(std::chrono::duration<double>(1.0 / target_fps));
-            auto now = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
-            if (now < next_frame_time) {
-                std::this_thread::sleep_until(next_frame_time);
-                next_frame_time += frame_duration;
+            const auto now = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+            if (start_time == std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point{} || current_target_fps != target_fps) {
+                start_time = now;
+                frame_counter = 0;
+                current_target_fps = target_fps;
+            }
+            frame_counter++;
+            std::chrono::duration<double> frame_interval(1.0 / current_target_fps);
+            auto target_time = start_time + frame_interval * frame_counter;
+            if (target_time > now) {
+                std::this_thread::sleep_until(target_time);
             } else {
-                next_frame_time = now + frame_duration;
+                start_time = now;
+                frame_counter = 0;
             }
         }
-        if (tick > master_semaphore->CurrentTick() && !chunk->Empty()) {
-            Flush();
-        }
-        master_semaphore->Wait(tick);
-    }
-
-    /// Resets the frame pacing state by setting the next frame time.
-    void ResetFramePacing(double target_fps = 0.0) {
-        if (target_fps > 0.0) {
-            auto frame_duration = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::steady_clock::duration>(std::chrono::duration<double>(1.0 / target_fps));
-            next_frame_time = std::chrono::steady_clock::now() + frame_duration;
-        } else {
-            next_frame_time = std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point{};
+        if (tick > 0) {
+            if (tick >= master_semaphore->CurrentTick()) {
+                Flush();
+            }
+            master_semaphore->Wait(tick);
         }
     }
 
@@ -282,7 +281,9 @@ private:
     std::condition_variable_any event_cv;
     std::jthread worker_thread;
 
-    std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point next_frame_time{};
+    std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point start_time{};
+    u64 frame_counter{};
+    double current_target_fps{};
 };
 
 } // namespace Vulkan
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_swapchain.cpp b/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_swapchain.cpp
index 7e7e67639d..89aa6c4628 100644
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_swapchain.cpp
+++ b/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_swapchain.cpp
@@ -146,25 +146,6 @@ void Swapchain::Create(
 {
     is_outdated = false;
     is_suboptimal = false;
-
-    switch (Settings::values.frame_pacing_mode.GetValue()) {
-    case Settings::FramePacingMode::Target_Auto:
-        scheduler.ResetFramePacing();
-        break;
-    case Settings::FramePacingMode::Target_30:
-        scheduler.ResetFramePacing(30.0);
-        break;
-    case Settings::FramePacingMode::Target_60:
-        scheduler.ResetFramePacing(60.0);
-        break;
-    case Settings::FramePacingMode::Target_120:
-        scheduler.ResetFramePacing(120.0);
-        break;
-    case Settings::FramePacingMode::Target_240:
-        scheduler.ResetFramePacing(240.0);
-        break;
-    }
-
     width = width_;
     height = height_;
 #ifdef ANDROID
@@ -213,24 +194,22 @@ bool Swapchain::AcquireNextImage() {
         break;
     }
 
-    if (resource_ticks[image_index] != 0 && !scheduler.IsFree(resource_ticks[image_index])) {
-        switch (Settings::values.frame_pacing_mode.GetValue()) {
-        case Settings::FramePacingMode::Target_Auto:
-            scheduler.Wait(resource_ticks[image_index]);
-            break;
-        case Settings::FramePacingMode::Target_30:
-            scheduler.Wait(resource_ticks[image_index], 30.0);
-            break;
-        case Settings::FramePacingMode::Target_60:
-            scheduler.Wait(resource_ticks[image_index], 60.0);
-            break;
-        case Settings::FramePacingMode::Target_120:
-            scheduler.Wait(resource_ticks[image_index], 120.0);
-            break;
-        case Settings::FramePacingMode::Target_240:
-            scheduler.Wait(resource_ticks[image_index], 240.0);
-            break;
-        }
+    switch (Settings::values.frame_pacing_mode.GetValue()) {
+    case Settings::FramePacingMode::Target_Auto:
+        scheduler.Wait(resource_ticks[image_index]);
+        break;
+    case Settings::FramePacingMode::Target_30:
+        scheduler.Wait(resource_ticks[image_index], 30.0);
+        break;
+    case Settings::FramePacingMode::Target_60:
+        scheduler.Wait(resource_ticks[image_index], 60.0);
+        break;
+    case Settings::FramePacingMode::Target_90:
+        scheduler.Wait(resource_ticks[image_index], 90.0);
+        break;
+    case Settings::FramePacingMode::Target_120:
+        scheduler.Wait(resource_ticks[image_index], 120.0);
+        break;
     }
 
     resource_ticks[image_index] = scheduler.CurrentTick();