[bcat/news/web/am] Implement news applet, proper TLV return, external web browser URL and qlaunch app sorting (#3308)

This pulls eden releases changelog & text from our github releases.
We don't store the msgpack file but rather generate them in-memory for the News Applet.
Uses cache folder. Files generated are:
- cache/news/github_releases.json
- cache/news/eden_logo.jpg
- cache/news/news_read

Additional changes:
- Proper TLV returning for online web applet, to open external URL
- Add applet type `LHub` to properly close, as it also uses TLV return
- qlaunch app sorting, adds another cached .json to track last launched app timestamps and sort them accordingly

Co-authored-by: crueter <crueter@eden-emu.dev>
Co-authored-by: DraVee <dravee@eden-emu.dev>
Reviewed-on: https://git.eden-emu.dev/eden-emu/eden/pulls/3308
Reviewed-by: MaranBr <maranbr@eden-emu.dev>
Reviewed-by: DraVee <dravee@eden-emu.dev>
Reviewed-by: Lizzie <lizzie@eden-emu.dev>
Co-authored-by: Maufeat <sahyno1996@gmail.com>
Co-committed-by: Maufeat <sahyno1996@gmail.com>

6 files changed, 136 insertions, 11 deletions

diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/am/am_types.h b/src/core/hle/service/am/am_types.h
index 621a7b4921..beb52b74dd 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/am/am_types.h
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/am/am_types.h
@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@ enum class AppletId : u32 {
     LoginShare = 0x18,
     WebAuth = 0x19,
     MyPage = 0x1A,
+    Lhub = 0x35
 };
 
 enum class AppletProgramId : u64 {
diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/am/frontend/applet_web_browser.cpp b/src/core/hle/service/am/frontend/applet_web_browser.cpp
index 8246b3e88e..e7cbdf6361 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/am/frontend/applet_web_browser.cpp
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/am/frontend/applet_web_browser.cpp
@@ -236,10 +236,6 @@ WebBrowser::WebBrowser(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Applet> applet_,
 WebBrowser::~WebBrowser() = default;
 
 void WebBrowser::Initialize() {
-    if (Settings::values.disable_web_applet) {
-        return;
-    }
-
     FrontendApplet::Initialize();
 
     LOG_INFO(Service_AM, "Initializing Web Browser Applet.");
@@ -264,6 +260,12 @@ void WebBrowser::Initialize() {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_AM, "WebArgHeader: total_tlv_entries={}, shim_kind={}",
               web_arg_header.total_tlv_entries, web_arg_header.shim_kind);
 
+    if (Settings::values.disable_web_applet &&
+        web_arg_header.shim_kind != ShimKind::Web &&
+        web_arg_header.shim_kind != ShimKind::Lhub) {
+        return;
+    }
+
     ExtractSharedFonts(system);
 
     switch (web_arg_header.shim_kind) {
@@ -288,6 +290,9 @@ void WebBrowser::Initialize() {
     case ShimKind::Lobby:
         InitializeLobby();
         break;
+    case ShimKind::Lhub:
+        InitializeLhub();
+        break;
     default:
         ASSERT_MSG(false, "Invalid ShimKind={}", web_arg_header.shim_kind);
         break;
@@ -303,8 +308,19 @@ void WebBrowser::ExecuteInteractive() {
 }
 
 void WebBrowser::Execute() {
+    if (web_arg_header.shim_kind == ShimKind::Web) {
+        ExecuteWeb();
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (web_arg_header.shim_kind == ShimKind::Lhub) {
+        ExecuteLhub();
+        return;
+    }
+
     if (Settings::values.disable_web_applet) {
-        LOG_WARNING(Service_AM, "(STUBBED) called, Web Browser Applet is disabled");
+        LOG_WARNING(Service_AM, "(STUBBED) called, Web Browser Applet is disabled. shim_kind={}",
+                    web_arg_header.shim_kind);
         WebBrowserExit(WebExitReason::EndButtonPressed);
         return;
     }
@@ -331,6 +347,9 @@ void WebBrowser::Execute() {
     case ShimKind::Lobby:
         ExecuteLobby();
         break;
+    case ShimKind::Lhub:
+        ExecuteLhub();
+        break;
     default:
         ASSERT_MSG(false, "Invalid ShimKind={}", web_arg_header.shim_kind);
         WebBrowserExit(WebExitReason::EndButtonPressed);
@@ -351,17 +370,99 @@ void WebBrowser::ExtractOfflineRomFS() {
 }
 
 void WebBrowser::WebBrowserExit(WebExitReason exit_reason, std::string last_url) {
-    if ((web_arg_header.shim_kind == ShimKind::Share &&
+    const bool use_tlv_output =
+        (web_arg_header.shim_kind == ShimKind::Share &&
          web_applet_version >= WebAppletVersion::Version196608) ||
         (web_arg_header.shim_kind == ShimKind::Web &&
-         web_applet_version >= WebAppletVersion::Version524288)) {
-        // TODO: Push Output TLVs instead of a WebCommonReturnValue
+         web_applet_version >= WebAppletVersion::Version524288) ||
+        (web_arg_header.shim_kind == ShimKind::Lhub);
+
+    // https://switchbrew.org/wiki/Internet_Browser#TLVs
+    if (use_tlv_output) {
+        LOG_DEBUG(Service_AM, "Using TLV output: exit_reason={}, last_url={}, last_url_size={}",
+                  exit_reason, last_url, last_url.size());
+
+        // storage size for TLVs is 0x2000 bytes (as per switchbrew documentation)
+        constexpr size_t TLV_STORAGE_SIZE = 0x2000;
+        std::vector<u8> out_data(TLV_STORAGE_SIZE, 0);
+
+        size_t current_offset = sizeof(WebArgHeader);
+        u16 tlv_count = 0;
+
+        // align and matchng TLV struct alignment
+        auto align_offset = [](size_t offset) -> size_t {
+            return (offset + 7) & ~static_cast<size_t>(7);
+        };
+
+        // 0x1 ShareExitReason
+        {
+            WebArgOutputTLV tlv{};
+            tlv.output_tlv_type = WebArgOutputTLVType::ShareExitReason;
+            tlv.arg_data_size = sizeof(u32);
+
+            std::memcpy(out_data.data() + current_offset, &tlv, sizeof(WebArgOutputTLV));
+            current_offset += sizeof(WebArgOutputTLV);
+
+            const u32 exit_reason_value = static_cast<u32>(exit_reason);
+            std::memcpy(out_data.data() + current_offset, &exit_reason_value, sizeof(u32));
+            current_offset += sizeof(u32);
+
+            current_offset = align_offset(current_offset);
+            tlv_count++;
+        }
+
+        // 0x2 LastUrl
+        {
+            WebArgOutputTLV tlv{};
+            tlv.output_tlv_type = WebArgOutputTLVType::LastURL;
+            const u16 url_data_size = static_cast<u16>(last_url.size() + 1);
+            tlv.arg_data_size = url_data_size;
+
+            std::memcpy(out_data.data() + current_offset, &tlv, sizeof(WebArgOutputTLV));
+            current_offset += sizeof(WebArgOutputTLV);
+
+            // null terminator
+            std::memcpy(out_data.data() + current_offset, last_url.c_str(), last_url.size() + 1);
+            current_offset += url_data_size;
+            current_offset = align_offset(current_offset);
+            tlv_count++;
+        }
+
+        // 0x3 LastUrlSize
+        {
+            WebArgOutputTLV tlv{};
+            tlv.output_tlv_type = WebArgOutputTLVType::LastURLSize;
+            tlv.arg_data_size = sizeof(u64);
+
+            std::memcpy(out_data.data() + current_offset, &tlv, sizeof(WebArgOutputTLV));
+            current_offset += sizeof(WebArgOutputTLV);
+
+            const u64 url_size = last_url.size();
+            std::memcpy(out_data.data() + current_offset, &url_size, sizeof(u64));
+            current_offset += sizeof(u64);
+            tlv_count++;
+        }
+
+        WebArgHeader out_header{};
+        out_header.total_tlv_entries = tlv_count;
+        out_header.shim_kind = web_arg_header.shim_kind;
+        std::memcpy(out_data.data(), &out_header, sizeof(WebArgHeader));
+
+        LOG_DEBUG(Service_AM, "TLV output: total_size={}, tlv_count={}, used_offset={}",
+                  out_data.size(), tlv_count, current_offset);
+
+        complete = true;
+        PushOutData(std::make_shared<IStorage>(system, std::move(out_data)));
+        Exit();
+        return;
     }
 
-    WebCommonReturnValue web_common_return_value;
+    // for old browser, keep old return, use WebCommonReturnValue
+    WebCommonReturnValue web_common_return_value{};
 
     web_common_return_value.exit_reason = exit_reason;
-    std::memcpy(&web_common_return_value.last_url, last_url.data(), last_url.size());
+    std::memcpy(&web_common_return_value.last_url, last_url.data(),
+                std::min(last_url.size(), web_common_return_value.last_url.size()));
     web_common_return_value.last_url_size = last_url.size();
 
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_AM, "WebCommonReturnValue: exit_reason={}, last_url={}, last_url_size={}",
@@ -516,4 +617,13 @@ void WebBrowser::ExecuteLobby() {
     LOG_WARNING(Service_AM, "(STUBBED) called, Lobby Applet is not implemented");
     WebBrowserExit(WebExitReason::EndButtonPressed);
 }
+
+void WebBrowser::InitializeLhub() {}
+
+void WebBrowser::ExecuteLhub() {
+    LOG_INFO(Service_AM, "(STUBBED) called, Lhub Applet is not implemented");
+    WebBrowserExit(WebExitReason::EndButtonPressed);
+}
+
+
 } // namespace Service::AM::Frontend
diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/am/frontend/applet_web_browser.h b/src/core/hle/service/am/frontend/applet_web_browser.h
index ba20b7a4cf..ae62389f13 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/am/frontend/applet_web_browser.h
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/am/frontend/applet_web_browser.h
@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2025 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2020 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 
@@ -53,6 +56,7 @@ private:
     void InitializeWeb();
     void InitializeWifi();
     void InitializeLobby();
+    void InitializeLhub();
 
     // Executors for the various types of browser applets
     void ExecuteShop();
@@ -62,6 +66,7 @@ private:
     void ExecuteWeb();
     void ExecuteWifi();
     void ExecuteLobby();
+    void ExecuteLhub();
 
     const Core::Frontend::WebBrowserApplet& frontend;
 
diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/am/frontend/applet_web_browser_types.h b/src/core/hle/service/am/frontend/applet_web_browser_types.h
index 2f7c05c243..0892a6a716 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/am/frontend/applet_web_browser_types.h
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/am/frontend/applet_web_browser_types.h
@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2025 Eden Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2020 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 
@@ -30,6 +33,7 @@ enum class ShimKind : u32 {
     Web = 5,
     Wifi = 6,
     Lobby = 7,
+    Lhub = 8,
 };
 
 enum class WebExitReason : u32 {
diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/am/frontend/applets.cpp b/src/core/hle/service/am/frontend/applets.cpp
index a25b7e3aa2..2ff2bcdbb6 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/am/frontend/applets.cpp
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/am/frontend/applets.cpp
@@ -237,13 +237,15 @@ std::shared_ptr<FrontendApplet> FrontendAppletHolder::GetApplet(std::shared_ptr<
     case AppletId::OfflineWeb:
     case AppletId::LoginShare:
     case AppletId::WebAuth:
+    case AppletId::Lhub:
         return std::make_shared<WebBrowser>(system, applet, mode, *frontend.web_browser);
     case AppletId::PhotoViewer:
         return std::make_shared<PhotoViewer>(system, applet, mode, *frontend.photo_viewer);
     case AppletId::NetConnect:
         return std::make_shared<NetConnect>(system, applet, mode, *frontend.net_connect);
     default:
-        LOG_ERROR(Service_AM, "No backend implementation exists for applet_id={:02X}. Falling back to stub applet", static_cast<u8>(id));
+        LOG_ERROR(Service_AM, "No backend implementation exists for applet_id={:02X} program_id={:016X}"
+                              "Falling back to stub applet", static_cast<u8>(id), applet->program_id);
         return std::make_shared<StubApplet>(system, applet, id, mode);
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/am/service/application_creator.cpp b/src/core/hle/service/am/service/application_creator.cpp
index 2fc33a303c..d16fd7dd84 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/am/service/application_creator.cpp
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/am/service/application_creator.cpp
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 #include "core/hle/service/am/window_system.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/cmif_serialization.h"
 #include "core/loader/loader.h"
+#include "core/launch_timestamp_cache.h"
 
 namespace Service::AM {
 
@@ -72,6 +73,7 @@ IApplicationCreator::~IApplicationCreator() = default;
 Result IApplicationCreator::CreateApplication(
     Out<SharedPointer<IApplicationAccessor>> out_application_accessor, u64 application_id) {
     LOG_INFO(Service_NS, "called, application_id={:016X}", application_id);
+    Core::LaunchTimestampCache::SaveLaunchTimestamp(application_id);
     R_RETURN(
         CreateGuestApplication(out_application_accessor, system, m_window_system, application_id));
 }
@@ -103,6 +105,7 @@ Result IApplicationCreator::CreateSystemApplication(
 
     *out_application_accessor =
         std::make_shared<IApplicationAccessor>(system, applet, m_window_system);
+    Core::LaunchTimestampCache::SaveLaunchTimestamp(application_id);
     R_SUCCEED();
 }